Grades are almost completely relative, in effect ranking students relative to others in their class. Thus extra achievement by one student not only raises his position, but in effect lowers the position of others.
More Quotes from James S. Coleman:
The results indicate that heterogeneity of race and heterogeneity of family educational background can increase the achievement of children from weak educational backgrounds with no adverse effect on children from strong educational backgrounds.James S. Coleman
As an example, one of the schools I have been studying is too small to compete effectively in most sports, but participates with vigor each year in the state music contests.
James S. Coleman
If we refuse to accept as inevitable the irresponsibility and educational unconcern of the adolescent culture, then this poses a serious challenge.
James S. Coleman
Particular individuals who might never consider dropping out if they were in a different high school might decide to drop out if they attended a school where many boys and girls did so.
James S. Coleman
Children from a given family background, when put in schools of different social compositions, will achieve at quite different levels.
James S. Coleman
There are many examples in high schools which show something about the effects such competition might have.
James S. Coleman
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